Friday, July 31, 2009

Yale Rep Theatre

Venue: Second Stage Theatre

Location: New York City

Time: June 2007

Director: Les Waters

Set Design: Scott Bradley

Costume Design: Meg Neville

Lighting Design: Russel A. Champa

Sound Design: Bray Porter

Choreography: John Caraffa

Dramaturgy: Amy Boratko

You might almost wish there were subtitles here, alerting you to the inner meaning of the lyrical, illogical and, yes, sometimes overly quirky dialogue. (The most sensibly spoken characters onstage are probably the blunt-spoken chorus of stones, strange creatures with pea-green faces, in Victorian garb, who keep telling Eurydice to shut up and get used to being dead.)

Take, for instance, the tender, wrenchingly sad vision of Eurydice’s dead father, who can watch his daughter’s progress from the underworld below, miming the act of walking her down the aisle on her wedding day. He nods proudly at the guests on either side, gives her an encouraging smile, offers her up with a mixture of resignation and worry and joy. And he is utterly alone. As performed with impeccable simplicity and grace by Charles Shaw Robinson, this small vignette is among the most desolate and moving moments I can remember seeing on a stage.

Charles Isherwood
June 19, 2007

http://theater2.nytimes.com/2007/06/19/theater/reviews/19seco.html

The World of the Play Statement

*Think of this as a note that may be included in the program.

Sarah Ruhl is a brilliant new playwright whose words can lift your emotions and make you cry like a Nick Cassavetes movie. That is exactly what happens when you read her script Eurydice. In creating this script Ruhl became a sort of present day Shakespeare; she retold a Greek myth, but made it vastly more (MODERN) comic, dramatic and entertaining. She shifted the view from Orpheus’s story to Eurydice’s story. The research I did consisted of gathering information about Aeschylus’ version of the Greek myth of Orpheus and comparing it to Ruhl’s modern day version of the myth. To understand the world of Sarah Ruhl’s Eurydice, you must understand the original myth of Orpheus and Eurydice.

When I began research on the myth of Orpheus I found there were several connections made within Ruhl’s version. I found two major and clever substitutions in Ruhl’s version of the story. The first of my favorite findings was that the three Stones that guarded the gates of Hades were originally the three headed dog who guarded the gates of the underworld known as Cerberus. The second finding was about Ruhl’s River of Forgetfulness. In Greek mythology the River Lethe was a river that ran through the underworld. It was said that anyone who came into contact with this lethal river would not die, just forget everything it had known prior to being exposed to it. They forget everything, even their own language, which is exactly what happens it Ruhl’s retold tale. So cute, clever and fitting for Ruhl’s version of this myth. This is just the beginning, or a small portion of why it is so important to understand the myth before you get to fully appreciate Ruhl’s version.

There are also several directors’ notes that must be communicated to the audience in a straight forward manner. One example is the appearance of the underworld. It is stated on the first page of the play that the underworld should look more like a scene from Alice in Wonderland rather than the classical idea of the scary dark and meek idea that most individuals who are familiar with Greek mythology have. I think that this note was made so that in the design plan, there could be several added features that would give the story so many more different layers to play with. In Ruhl’s play, the Ruler of the Underworld explained to Orpheus that they liked to keep the underworld real comfortable so that people sent there would not mind staying there. An example of added layers is this comment. Yes the Ruler of the Underworld says that he provides a good atmosphere to keep those he rules happy, OR he could have just been saying this to make Orpheus think that Eurydice want to stay because the Ruler of the Underworld wants to make Eurydice his wife. It just works…

It should be addressed that this play moves along very quickly. At the beginning of the piece, two young children are in love and speak about marriage in youthful idioms and metaphors. Then into the next scene they are at their wedding. It is almost like time is flying and that we are just whizzing through this play. It may seem just like that, but upon studying the original myth, it happens just the same way. As in wedding, death, second death. Luckily, this play ends on a much happier note than the original myth. At the end of the original myth, Orpheus looks back at Eurydice before she is out of the underworld; she is then taken away from him for good. Orpheus proceeds to play his sad music and is killed by an angry band of Maenads who tore him to pieces. His head and his lyre were found by a Thracian Muse, (one of his people), and was buried by Mount Apollo.

In Ruhl’s version however, Eurydice calls Orpheus’ name and causes him to turn around sending her back to the underworld. There is no concrete statement for what happens to Orpheus, I don’t think he gets killed by a band of Maenads because it is not stated, but to my interpretation, he too is sent back to the underworld ending this story with a happily ever after.

Wednesday, July 29, 2009

Sounds and Images for the World of the Play

Eurydice by Sarah Ruhl

1.









http://newcritics.com/blog1/wp-content/uploads/2007/06/Eurydice2.jpg





2.
















http://obit-mag.com/media/image/landing(2).gif

3.















http://www.playbill.com/images/photo/3/1/31CA8018D73C479798E8E664DB2DB773.jpg



4.









http://www.variety.com/graphics/photos/reviewe/reur.jpg











5.























http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theater/v034/34.2weckwerth_fig01.html




Original composed music for a past production of Eurydice can be heard at this web address:
http://www.wilmatheater.org/seasons/2007-2008/Eurydice/Music_Info.htm

More sounds and descriptions that can be used to describe the world of the play:

Sounds and Images for the World of the Play

Original Myth of Orpheus


1.























http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_HeUY-A2efl4/SMP92-88jGI/AAAAAAAABkc/LUsaAgW99mE/s400/OrpheusandEurydice.jpg


2.























http://www.classicartrepro.com/data/large/Watts/Orpheus_&_Eurydice.jpg


3.




4.























http://www.ancient-bulgaria.com/2006/08/


1. Orpheus and Eurydice on their wedding day.
2. Eurydice after stepping on the poisonous viper.
3. Orpheus and Eurydice pulled away from each other for the second and final time.
4. Orpheus' head found by a Muse after the Maendas tore him to pieces.
http://www.deathreference.com/Nu-Pu/Orpheus.html

5.




http://www.pulseartstudio.com/13StringCarvedLyre.htm

Monday, July 20, 2009

The World of the Play

Important Facts about Eurydice there and then and here and now.

Original Myth of Orpheus and Eurydice
Orpheus's father could either be the Thracian King, Oeagrus, or the God Apollo. http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz1836211506d60.html
• Orpheus is the best musician that ever lived; he controlled the world around him with his beautiful melodies.
http://www.loggia.com/myth/orpheus.html
• On their wedding day, Eurydice met Aristaeus who tried to rape her, running away from him; Eurydice dies from accidentally stepping on a viper whose venom kills her instantly.
http://www.amrep.org/articles/4_4a/myth.html
• Eurydice does not have a father in Hades, she was simply sent to the underworld after her tragic death.
The River Lethe made the shades of the underworld forget their former lives. http://www.theriverstyx.net/
• Orpheus charmed Cerberus - the three-headed monster dog of Hades who guarded the Underworld - into letting him pass.
http://www.paleothea.com/Myths/Orpheus.html
The Muses found his torn body and buried it in the sanctuary of the island. His limbs they gathered and placed in a tomb at the foot of Mount Olympus, and there to this day the nightingales sing more sweetly than anywhere else. http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/webtexts/eurydice/eurydicemyth.html
• Orpheus' key instrument was the Lyre. He used it to play enchanting music that put all things, even the wild beasts of the underworld into a calm trance.
http://www.amrep.org/articles/4_4a/myth.html

Sarah Ruhl's Retold Version of this Greek Myth
• Orpheus is classified as a young prince with no mentioning of his parents.
• He is the most talented musician in the world.
• On their wedding day, a Nasty/Interesting Man (also the ruler of the underworld) convinces Eurydice to join him to his apartment to retrieve a letter from her father. Eurydice dies from accidentally tripping down a flight of stairs of 600 steps running away from the man.
• The character ‘Father’ was added in to this retold version of the Greek myth.
• The River Lethe is referred to as The River of Forgetfulness.
• The three Stones represent the three headed dog Cerbrus who guarded the gates of the underworld.
• At the end of this retold tale, Orpheus goes straight back into the underworld, this time not as a hero but as a resident.
• The instrument Orpheus uses to plan his trip to the underworld is a guitar.

Friday, July 17, 2009

Eurydice: Characters and Casting

For certain scripts classical and contemporary, traditional casting is a must. However, today’s acting world is a rainbow of not just ethnicities, but an array of men and women that have special talents and even disabilities. While some casting directors are playing it safe with traditional casting, others are taking the fair hiring route. Even though this topic can be a very controversial subject, some scripts can be performed non- traditionally with no problem. Eurydice is a script that can be equally pleasing whether it is cast non- traditionally or not.

There are seven characters in this re-told Greek myth. Each of whom can be played in at least one non-traditional way. I will focus each character’s chances of being cast non- traditionally on the comprehensive definition of nontraditional casting is the "use of actors of any race, sex, ethnicity or degree of disabilities in roles for which such factors are not germane to the development of stage characters or the play.

Eurydice, the woman Orpheus is in love with can be played by an actor of any color or ethnicity. I believe it is germane to keep Eurydice a female, for the sake of storytelling. Within the script there are several lines that negate the idea of changing the gender of Eurydice. One of the lines that Eurydice has is a wedding is a day for fathers and daughters it is a celebration of the day they stop being married to each other. The idea of changing the lines for a gender swap might make the story line a little less genuine, but in certain instances, it might be perfect, it is all subjective.

Orpheus is the young man whom the myth is about. Again in some instances, gender swapping may be alright, but for the general idea, not changing the gender would be fit for the purposes of storytelling. Orpheus can be portrayed by any type of young man, as long as he is young. Any color or ethnicity would work, and even a young man with a disability can fit in this role.

Nasty/Interesting Man or The Ruler of the Underworld- Again the script is written in a way that does not allow this role to be gender swapped. This character wants Eurydice to marry him too. So for the story line it is germane that this character is a man. However, the man can be any age or ethnicity. On the other hand, it may look like the casting director is trying to reinforce negative ties to certain ethnic groups.

Father, like I stated earlier, because of the way this script is written, it would be best to keep father a father and not turn him into a mother. However, I feel that Father and Eurydice do not have to portray the same ethnicity. I think it would be just fine to have an African American Father and a Eurydice of any other ethnicity.

The three Stones, Big, Little, and Loud. These characters are the Greek Chorus; they can be played as a mix of male/female or as all male all female. Any ethnicities can apply, and even the disabled could be considered for these roles.
http://www.law.umaryland.edu/programs/initiatives/arts/non-trad-casting.html

Characters

Eurydice- Bride of Orpheus, storyline revolves around her decisions.
Her Father- Eurydice's father, condemned to the "Underworld." Male.
Orpheus- A beautifully musical man, husband of Eurydice. Male.
A Nasty Interesting Man/The Lord of the Underworld- The antagonist of it all. Creepy and comic. Male.
A Chorus of Stones:
Big, Little, and Loud. Three characters that provide some back story and lots of comedy. The director notes that they resemble nasty children at a birthday party. M/F.

Fable and Plot Summary

Fable:
Orpheus brings Eurydice to a see a surprise he got for her. He gives her the sun, the moon, the stars, and all the oceans because he loves her so much. He also has his favorite melody in his head and he is trying to get her to remember it. She is not good with beats or music though. She just likes to read. All day and all night. Orpheus says that he is going to make her hair into a twelve instrument band so that she can here the melody. He says she is going to fly in the air because the music will carry her.

Next, Orpheus and Eurydice get married. Right before the reception, Orpheus gets in the shower so that he will not have to deal with greeting all the guests. This pisses Eurydice off. Eurydice retreats to a water pump to drink nasty water at her wedding celebration. She is bored because she is not with Orpheus at the moment and she is sad because she claims that a wedding is a celebration for a father and daughter. "It is the day they stop being married to each other." Her father is in Hades, (the underworld) and cannot attend her wedding.

Since he cannot be present, he writes her a letter. He drops the letter into a magical mail box and falls into the wrong hands. As Father is dreaming of how he would act at his daughter's wedding, an Interesting/Nasty Man is speaking with Eurydice out side her wedding. He asks her if she is homeless. Then finds out her name.

She leaves this man to share a dance with Orpheus. They are happy, they have champagne. Eurydice goes back to the water pump and the Nasty Man says Your name is Eurydice is it? I have a letter from your father, it is in my extravagantly huge condo a couple of blocks away. Eurydice is immediately excited to hear this news and agrees to leave her wedding to go with him. They climb the 600 steps to get in, and she says that she can see her wedding from all the way up there. All of a sudden Nasty Man gets real creeper, he loosens his tie and tries to get her to drink champagne and then makes a bottle of water appear out of thin air. Then he comes on all strong and is like, "Leave Orpheus, marry me." and she is like "Ew gross, NO." She grabs the letter from her father out of his vest and begins to run down the stairs. Right as he tells her to go slow, she falls and tumbles down all the stairs, and the letter lands next to her dead body.

Orpheus's happy music then turns into a sad dreary thing that makes the entire universe sad. While this is happening, Eurydice is in a raining elevator. When the door opens, she can't speak. She gets on a boat, then a train, then she finally meets three stones and her father. She does not know it yet though. She calls him a tree. And says love is like laying naked under him. And then they keep talking about being dipped in a River...

Father makes her a room out of string. They talk and catch up. Orpheus begins to send letters saying that he is going to rescue her. Her Father teaches her to read again because you cannot read in the underworld. Time passes and Orpheus finally shows up. Father is so excited for her to go back and be in love. Eurydice is excited, but she loves her father so much now that she cannot bear to leave him.

Orpheus scoops her up and takes her back to the middle. After she leaves her father is so sad that he wants to go dip himself in the River again. So he goes and then appears to have really really died. After he does this, Eurydice comes down, just to visit and sees her father in this state. It hurts her so bad that she writes a letter to Orpheus that is addressed to a new wife. She then dips herself into the River and lays next to her father.

The story ends as Orpheus comes to the underworld, picks up the letter and is mad he cannot read it.

Plot Summary:
First Movement
Scene 1
Eurydice and Orpheus in 1950's bathing suits. Orpheus showers Eurydice with gifts. They talk about their favorite subjects; books and music. They hint at marriage, then race into the ocean together.

Scene 2
We are introduced to Eurydice's father. He narrates a letter to the audience about what he would say at Orpheus and Eurydice's wedding if he were on earth. He drops the letter into an imaginary mail box.

Scene 3
Their wedding. Eurydice soliloquy, mainly about her father. Orpheus is taking a shower. We are introduced to the Nasty Man/Ruler of the Underworld.

Scene 4
Orpheus and Eurydice share a dance. Eurydice decides she wants more water, so she leaves his side, even though Orpheus voices that he would not like her to.

Scene 5
The Nasty Man reappears and tells Eurydice that he found a letter addressed to her, from her father. While slyly hitting on her, he convinces her to accompany him back to his apartment to get the letter.

Scene 6
Orpheus begins to worry and starts calling for Eurydice.

Scene 7
The Nasty Man and Eurydice arrive. He gets very creepy and comes onto Eurydice. She grabs the letter, begins to run down the stairs, she trips and falls, then descends to the underworld.

Second Movement
Scene 1
We are introduced to the stones, or the chorus. Eurydice cannot remember anything, and she cannot read because she had to swim across the River of Forgetfulness. She tells us her journey to the underworld. Then Eurydice and her father meet face to face.

Scene 2
Orpheus writes a letter for Eurydice to remind her of the love they had.

Scene 3
Eurydice and her father get acquainted. Her father builds Eurydice her very own room out of string.

Scene 4
Eurydice sits in her suitcase.

Scene 5
Orpheus writes to Eurydice telling her he is venturing to the underworld to find her.

Scene 6
Father reads Orpheus's letter to Eurydice. He describes to her the emotions she should be feeling. She remembers Orpheus's name.

Scene 7
Orpheus writes another letter. He tells Eurydice about a crazy dream that he had, and he asks her to come back.

Scene 8
Eurydice and her father have been fully acquainted. She asks her father to tell her about their entire family. He declines because he does not want her to feel a life time of sadness.

Scene 9
Her father teaches her different words. Words that were once common to Eurydice before coming to the underworld. He finally gives in and begins talking about his childhood, and then their family. Eurydice and her father share a very special moment that words cannot quite describe.

Scene 10
Orpheus writes another letter, with it he sends the Collected Works of W.S.

Scene 11
Eurydice receives the book and has no idea what to do with it. He begins to teach her to read. They share another very special moment over a quote from King Lear.

Scene 12
Orpheus tries to reach Eurydice through information. He examines a globe and says that he will find her.

Scene 13
Eurydice and her father try to carry the tune to "I got rhythm." The stones get mad, Eurydice and her father confess to each other that they are both horrible singers.

Scene 14
Ruler of the underworld comes in as a child on a red tricycle and threatens to dip her back into the River of Forgetfulness. He also wants to make sure she is comfortable, in a very odd way.

Scene 15
Orpheus discovers a plan to use his music to get to the underworld.

Scene 16
Eurydice tells her father a story about Orpheus.

Scene 17
Orpheus writes Eurydice another letter, enthused about his plan to come and find her. He also adds that he will not be practicing his magic because the word practice was made up by a coward, he will store his magic until his instincts call for it.

Scene 18
Eurydice tells her father about Orpheus's plan to find her.

Scene 19
Orpheus executes his plan.

Scene 20
Orpheus arrives and knocks on the door of the dead. The stones become alarmed.

Third Movement
Scene 1
Orpheus meets the Ruler of the Underworld. The Ruler says that if Orpheus begins walking home and does not look back, Eurydice is his to have. But if he looks back she will disappear.

Scene 2
Eurydice's father takes her to the gates of the underworld. He says she must go back to her husband and when they have children that they must come visit one day. They have a very sad parting, and in a split second Eurydice discovers that she wants to stay with her father instead.
The Stones try to convince her otherwise. She sees him and follows him, then catches up and calls his name. He turns around and all at once, his plan is ruined. Eurydice is slipping away and he is telling her not to go, but it is too late she has made her decision.

Scene 3
Eurydice's father is terribly sad about losing his daughter. He dips himself into the River of Forgetfulness so that he could forget the pain of her absence. Right as he does, Eurydice comes back for him. The stones taunt her, and the Ruler of the Underworld designates her as his new bride.
Eurydice writes a letter to Orpheus apologizing for her decision. She closes the letter with a note to his new wife.
Eurydice then dips herself into the River.
Immediately after that, Orpheus appears in the underworld. He finds the letter, and cannot read it.(!)

Exegesis

1. "I'd better tie a string around your finger to remind you."
Movement 1 Scene 1
Orpheus to Eurydice
You can tie a string around your finger to remind you to do something. These types of aids only remind you that there is something to remember.
http://www.braingle.com/mind/462/external-aids.html

2. "If anyone finds out they might dip me in the River again."
Movement 2 Scene 2
Father's Wedding Letter
http://www.theriverstyx.net/river.shtml
In this story, the River Lethe is called the River of Forgetfulness.

3. "Don't sit under the apple tree with anyone else but me..."
Movement 2 Scene 4
Orpheus and Eurydice wedding dance
ARTIST: Glenn Miller
TITLE: Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree
Lyrics and Chords

http://www.guntheranderson.com/v/data/dontsitu.htm

4. "Father tries to remember how to do the jitterbug"
Movement 2 Scene 4
Stage direction for Father during the wedding scene
The Jitterbug is a popular swing dance, also known as the Lindy Hop and East Coast swing. This how to video demonstrates a series of 6-count Jitterbug steps.
http://www.wonderhowto.com/how-to/video/how-to-do-jitterbug-dance-steps-223803/

5. "It's a very quiet language. Like if the pores on your face opened up and wanted to talk."
Movement 3 Scene 3
The Stones to Eurydice
O Gods who rule the dark and silent world.
Hades is referred to as the world of dark and silent, the stones are describing this phenomenon to Eurydice.

Tuesday, July 14, 2009

The Facts of the Play: Eurydice

The basic facts

Author and Language: Sarah Ruhl in modern English.

Play Structure: Eurydice is structured in three 'Movements.' Essentially these movements are Acts, and within these movements are several scenes.

Cast Break Down:
5f/2m-Original Cast

5m/2f
http://www.samuelfrench.com/store/product_info.php/products_id/7100

Approximate Running Time:
One hour and 30 minutes
http://theater2.nytimes.com/2006/10/03/theater/reviews/03eury.html

One hour and 25 minutes
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-166238791.html

Genre Identification:
"Dramatic Comedy"
http://theater2.nytimes.com/2006/10/03/theater/reviews/03eury.html

"Drama"
http://www.theatreinchicago.com/playdetail.php?playID=2304

Brief Bio:
SARAH RUHL has written numerous award-winning plays, including The Clean House (Susan Smith Blackburn Award, 2004, Pulitzer Prize finalist, Pen Award), Melancholy Play, Eurydice, Late: a cowboy song, Orlando, Demeter in the City (NAACP Image Award nomination) and Passion Play: a cycle in three parts (Fourth Forum Freedom Award, Kennedy Center). Her plays have been performed at Lincoln Center Theater, Second Stage Theatre, Goodman Theatre, Yale Repertory Theatre, Woolly Mammoth Theatre, Berkeley Repertory Theater, Wilma Theater, Cornerstone Theater, Madison Repertory Theatre, Clubbed Thumb and the Piven Theatre Workshop, among other theatres across the country. Her plays have been translated into German, Polish, Korean, Russian and Spanish, and have been produced internationally in London, Canada, Germany, Latvia and Poland. Sarah received her MFA from Brown University and is originally from Chicago. She is the recipient of a Helen Merrill award, Whiting Writers' Award and a Macarthur Fellowship. She is a proud member of New Dramatists and 13P.
http://www.steppenwolf.org/boxoffice/productions/bio.aspx?id=424&crewId=1492

Publication Info:

Licensing and Rights:
$75 per performance.
http://www.samuelfrench.com/store/product_info.php/products_id/7100

Friday, July 10, 2009

Defenitions of Dramaturgy

Dramaturgy

1. Dramaturgy
\dram"a*tur`gy\ - The art of dramatic composition and representation.
http://dictionary.babylon.com/Dramaturgy

2. Dramaturg
A specialist in dramaturgy, esp. one who acts as a consultant to a theater company, advising them on possible repertory.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/dramaturg

3. Dramaturgy
The art of the theater, especially with regard to the techniques involved in writing plays.
http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861606441/dramaturgy.html